Some Git Terminologies Explained in Brief

In this article, I will try to explain some of the important terminologies associated with Git.

Some Git Terms

Working Directory

Working directory refers to a project folder on the file system. It may or may not be tracked by Git.

Staging Area

A staging area represents the files that are ready to be added to a repository. Typically, projects include dynamically generated files like class files, test reports, etc. These are not added to a repository, only the source code/configuration files are added to a repository. Thus, whenever you want to add some code to a repository, it first needs to be added to the staging area, from where it can be committed to the repository. The process of adding code to the staging area is known as indexing.

Local Repository

As explained in my Git v/s Github article, Git maintains a local repository where it keeps track of all the changes made to the project on the local system.

Remote Repository

The repository on your repository hosting system like Github is known as the remote repository. Creating a remote repository not only enables developers to work on their projects from anywhere, but also allows collaborating with different developers.

Branch

A branch represents a line of development. Often, developers use different branches for production releases, bug fixes, etc. Having code in different branches enables developers to make changes to code without messing up the main line of development.

Fork

Forking is the process of copying someone else’s repository into your own account. So, when you fork a repository, a copy of the entire repository is available in your own account. Forking is typically used when developers want to make changes to someone else’s repository for their own purpose. Forking does not in any way affect the original repository. Developers can however submit their changes to the project owner by creating a pull request.

Commit

The process of adding code to your local Git repository is called committing. Git has a git commit command that performs a commit.

Push

The process of adding code to a remote repository is called pushing. Git has a git push command that performs a push.

Pull

The process of retrieving code from a remote repository is called pulling. Git has a git pull command that performs a pull. This command fetches the latest code from the remote repository and merges it with the local code.

Pull Request

A pull request is a way for developers to request a project owner to review the changes that they want to merge into the project. So once a developer makes the necessary code changes (either in a branch of the project or within a fork), they can submit a pull request. The project owner can then review and merge the submitted changes.

Further Reading

Conclusion

So, in this article, we took a look at some of the important terminologies associated with git like commit, push, fork, and so forth.

 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

How to use logging in SpringBoot with code samples

Image
In this article, we will learn how to use logging in SpringBoot. Introduction There are several Java logging frameworks like logback, log4j, and so on. Spring Boot supports out-of-the-box support for logback. Let us learn how to use logging in SpringBoot with logback. Step 1 – Create a New Maven Project Create a new Maven project. (Refer to  this  blog post). This will create a project in Eclipse as follows:   Step 2 – Add the Spring Boot Dependencies Add the spring-boot-starter-web dependency to the pom.xml . So, the pom.xml should look as follows: <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.learnjava</groupId> <artifactId>learnjava-springboot-logging-example</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&
Read more

Python While Loop with code samples

Much like a Java while loop, you can use a Python while loop to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a condition is true. In this article, we will learn more about the Python while loop. Python While loop Syntax A while loop in Python has the following syntax: while <condition>: loop body The while keyword is followed by a condition. If the condition evaluates to true, the body of the loop is executed. Once the body of the loop is completed, the condition is checked again and this is repeated until the condition evaluates to false at which point the loop is exited. While loop Sample Code The following code demonstrates how you can use the while loop: num=10counter=1total=0while counter<=num: total += counter counter+=1print("sum of first 10 numbers is",total) This code adds the numbers from 1 to 10 and prints the sum. It uses a while loop to iterate from 1 to 10. The while loop checks the condition counter <= num and if so adds the current value of count
Read more

How to convert a List to a Set

In this blog post ,I will be showing you how you can convert a List to a Set. Consider the following code snippet: public class ListToSetDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(5,3,11,15,9);//Method 1Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<Integer>(list);System.out.println("Set is "+set);//method 2Set<Integer> set2 = new HashSet<Integer>();set2.addAll(list);System.out.println("Set is "+set2);}} This code demonstrates two ways to convert a List to a Set. Method 1 Here, we are creating a new HashSet . We are invoking the constructor that accepts a Collection object. Here, we are passing in the input list to this constructor.   Method 2 Here again, we are creating a new HashSet . However, we are using the default constructor. We are then invoking the addAll method and passing in the input list.   When you run this code, it will print the following output: Set is [3, 5, 9, 11, 15]Set is [3, 5, 9, 11, 15] No
Read more